Active ingredient: Spironolactone

Brand Name: Aldactone

Drug class: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

Mechanism of Action:

Spironolactone, a synthetic 17-lactone, exhibits antagonistic effects on both progesterone and androgen receptors. By blocking androgen receptors, it reduces the influence of male hormones (androgens) on sebaceous glands, lowering sebum production and preventing acne formation. Due to these properties, spironolactone has been widely used as an off-label treatment for acne in women, particularly for hormonal or adult-onset acne. Its dual action on hormone receptors makes it effective in managing acne linked to hormonal imbalances.

Effect on fertility biomarkers

Spironolactone, aside from its common side effects like irregular menstruation (15%-30%), dehydration, dizziness, breast tenderness, and breast enlargement, can also affect cervical mucus. Due to its anti-androgenic effects, it may reduce the production or alter the consistency of cervical mucus.

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Menstrual cycle length, Mucus

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References:

Wang Y, Lipner SR. Retrospective analysis of adverse events with spironolactone in females reported to the United States Food and Drug Administration. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2020 May 19;6(4):272-276. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.05.002. PMID: 33015285; PMCID: PMC7522893.

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Disclaimer: The information provided may not include all possible interactions or side effects of medication. The effects on fertility biomarkers can vary and may depend on the dosage, how long the medication is used, the medical condition, or other factors. This database is for informational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider or a qualified health professional if you have questions about medications, fertility, or medical conditions.