Active ingredient: Methyldopa

Brand Name: Methyl Dopa, Aldopam

Drug class: Antihypertensives

Mechanism of Action:

Methyldopa is an antihypertensive medication that works primarily by acting as a central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. It is converted into alpha-methyl norepinephrine in the brain, which stimulates alpha-2 adrenergic receptors and leads to a decrease in sympathetic outflow. This results in lower blood pressure due to reduced heart rate and vasodilation. Methyldopa interferes with sex hormone homeostasis via an increase in prolactin levels.

Effect on fertility biomarkers

Methyldopa, an antihypertensive medication, has been shown to significantly increase serum prolactin levels. Single doses (750 or 1000 mg) cause a marked rise in prolactin, with peak levels occurring 4 to 6 hours after administration. Long-term use results in a 3- to 4-fold increase in basal prolactin levels compared to normal subjects . Elevated prolactin can negatively affect female fertility by disrupting the normal regulation of reproductive hormones. High prolactin levels can inhibit gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is necessary for the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), hormones essential for ovulation. This can lead to irregular or absent menstrual cycles (amenorrhea) and difficulty conceiving.

First
Second
Third
…

Ovulation

View the chart

References:

Steiner J, Cassar J, Mashiter K, Dawes I, Fraser TR, Breckenridge A. Effects of methyldopa on prolactin and growth hormone. Br Med J. 1976 May 15;1(6019):1186-8. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.6019.1186. PMID: 1268617; PMCID: PMC1639736.

Comments

If you have used this medication and monitored fertility biomarkers, please share your experience.

Disclaimer: The information provided may not include all possible interactions or side effects of medication. The effects on fertility biomarkers can vary and may depend on the dosage, how long the medication is used, the medical condition, or other factors. This database is for informational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider or a qualified health professional if you have questions about medications, fertility, or medical conditions.